OS Credential Dumping: Security Account Manager

Cobalt Strike can recover hashed passwords.^[2]

CosmicDuke collects Windows account hashes.^[3]

Password stealer and NTLM stealer modules in CozyCar harvest stored credentials from the victim, including credentials used as part of Windows NTLM user authentication.^[4]

CrackMapExec can dump usernames and hashed passwords from the SAM.^[5]

Dragonfly 2.0 dropped and executed SecretsDump to dump password hashes.^[6][7]

Fgdump can dump Windows password hashes.^[8]

GALLIUM used reg commands to dump specific hives from the Windows Registry, such as the SAM hive, and obtain password hashes.^[9]

gsecdump can dump Windows password hashes from the SAM.^[10]

HOPLIGHT has the capability to harvest credentials and passwords from the SAM database.^[11]

SecretsDump and Mimikatz modules within Impacket can perform credential dumping to obtain account and password information.^[12]

Ke3chang has dumped credentials, including by using gsecdump.^[13][14]

Koadic can gather hashed passwords by dumping SAM/SECURITY hive.^[15]

menuPass has used a modified version of pentesting tools wmiexec.vbs and secretsdump.py to dump credentials.^[16][17]

Mimikatz performs credential dumping to obtain account and password information useful in gaining access to additional systems and enterprise network resources. It contains functionality to acquire information about credentials in many ways, including from the SAM table.^{[18][19][20][21]}

Mivast has the capability to gather NTLM password information.^[22]

Night Dragon has dumped account hashes with Carbanak and cracked them with Cain & Abel.^[23]

POWERTON has the ability to dump password hashes.^[24]

pwdump can be used to dump credentials from the SAM.^[25]

Remsec can dump the SAM database.^[26]

Threat Group-3390 actors have used gsecdump to dump credentials. They have also dumped credentials from domain controllers.^[27][28]

Wizard Spider has acquired credentials from the SAM/SECURITY registry hives.^[29]

Consider disabling or restricting NTLM.^[30]

Ensure that local administrator accounts have complex, unique passwords across all systems on the network.

Do not put user or admin domain accounts in the local administrator groups across systems unless they are tightly controlled, as this is often equivalent to having a local administrator account with the same password on all systems. Follow best practices for design and administration of an enterprise network to limit privileged account use across administrative tiers.

Limit credential overlap across accounts and systems by training users and administrators not to use the same password for multiple accounts.