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Bundlore

Bundlore is adware written for macOS that has been in use since at least 2015. Though categorized as adware, Bundlore has many features associated with more traditional backdoors.[1]

ID: S0482
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Associated Software: OSX.Bundlore
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Type: MALWARE
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Platforms: macOS
Version: 1.1
Created: 01 July 2020
Last Modified: 16 October 2021

Associated Software Descriptions

Name Description
OSX.Bundlore

[1]
Enterprise Layer
download view

Techniques Used

Domain ID Name Use
Enterprise T1098 .004 Account Manipulation: SSH Authorized Keys

Bundlore creates a new key pair with ssh-keygen and drops the newly created user key in authorized_keys to enable remote login.[1]
Enterprise T1071 .001 Application Layer Protocol: Web Protocols

Bundlore uses HTTP requests for C2.[1]
Enterprise T1176 Browser Extensions

Bundlore can install malicious browser extensions that are used to hijack user searches.[1]
Enterprise T1059 .002 Command and Scripting Interpreter: AppleScript

Bundlore can use AppleScript to inject malicious JavaScript into a browser.[1]
.004 Command and Scripting Interpreter: Unix Shell

Bundlore has leveraged /bin/sh and /bin/bash to execute commands on the victim machine.[1]
.006 Command and Scripting Interpreter: Python

Bundlore has used Python scripts to execute payloads.[1]
.007 Command and Scripting Interpreter: JavaScript

Bundlore can execute JavaScript by injecting it into the victim's browser.[1]
Enterprise T1543 .001 Create or Modify System Process: Launch Agent

Bundlore can persist via a LaunchAgent.[1]
.004 Create or Modify System Process: Launch Daemon

Bundlore can persist via a LaunchDaemon.[1]
Enterprise T1140 Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information

Bundlore has used openssl to decrypt AES encrypted payload data. Bundlore has also used base64 and RC4 with a hardcoded key to deobfuscate data.[1]
Enterprise T1189 Drive-by Compromise

Bundlore has been spread through malicious advertisements on websites.[1]
Enterprise T1048 Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol

Bundlore uses the curl -s -L -o command to exfiltrate archived data to a URL.(citation: 20 macOS Common Tools and Techniques)
Enterprise T1222 .002 File and Directory Permissions Modification: Linux and Mac File and Directory Permissions Modification

Bundlore changes the permissions of a payload using the command chmod -R 755.[2]
Enterprise T1564 Hide Artifacts

Bundlore uses the mktemp utility to make unique file and directory names for payloads, such as TMP_DIR=`mktemp -d -t x.[2]
Enterprise T1562 .001 Impair Defenses: Disable or Modify Tools

Bundlore can change browser security settings to enable extensions to be installed. Bundlore uses the pkill cfprefsd command to prevent users from inspecting processes.[1][2]
Enterprise T1105 Ingress Tool Transfer

Bundlore can download and execute new versions of itself.[1]
Enterprise T1056 .002 Input Capture: GUI Input Capture

Bundlore prompts the user for their credentials.[1]
Enterprise T1036 .005 Masquerading: Match Legitimate Name or Location

Bundlore has disguised a malicious .app file as a Flash Player update.[1]
Enterprise T1027 Obfuscated Files or Information

Bundlore has obfuscated data with base64, AES, RC4, and bz2.[1]
Enterprise T1057 Process Discovery

Bundlore has used the ps command to list processes.[1]
Enterprise T1518 Software Discovery

Bundlore has the ability to enumerate what browser is being used as well as version information for Safari.[1]
Enterprise T1082 System Information Discovery

Bundlore will enumerate the macOS version to determine which follow-on behaviors to execute using /usr/bin/sw_vers -productVersion.[1][2]
Enterprise T1204 .002 User Execution: Malicious File

Bundlore has attempted to get users to execute a malicious .app file that looks like a Flash Player update.[1]

References

  1. Sushko, O. (2019, April 17). macOS Bundlore: Mac Virus Bypassing macOS Security Features. Retrieved June 30, 2020.
  1. Phil Stokes. (2021, February 16). 20 Common Tools & Techniques Used by macOS Threat Actors & Malware. Retrieved August 23, 2021.